Prosiding SINTESIS (Seminar Nasional Sains, Teknologi dan Analisis)
Seminar Nasional Sains, Teknologi dan Analisis merupakan kegiatan sebagai bentuk desiminasi hasil penelitian yang dilaksanakan oleh Fakultas Sains, Teknologi dan Analisis Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata Kediri
PERAN PENDIDIKAN TINGGI DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN BANGSA MELALUI PENGEMBANGAN KEARIFAN LOKAL OBAT TRADISIONAL
Sejak tahun 2015 telah dilakukan penggabungan dua kementerian, yaitu Kementerian Pendidikan Nasional, khususnya pendidikan tinggi dengan Kemeterian Riset dan teknologi menjadi Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi (Kemenristekdikti). Penggabungan tersebut dimaksudkan untuk mensinergikan semua potensi yang ada, yaitu sumberdaya manusia dan pendanaan serta sarana prasrana yang terpisah-pisah untuk mecapai hasil penelitian dan pengembangan ilmu dan tekknologi yang maksimal. Sebagaimana digariskan dalam Renstra Kemenristekdikti 2017-2019 bahwa ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi dan pendidikan tinggi (IPTEKDIKTI) merupakan faktor yang penting dalam pembangunan masa depan Indonesia. Pembangunan ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi dan pendidikan tinggi diamanatkan dalam UUD Negara Republik Indonesia 1945 yaitu : “setiap orang berhak mengembangkan diri melalui pemenuhan kebutuhan dasarnya, berhak mendapatkan pendidikan, dan memperoleh manfaat dari Iptek, seni, dan budaya demi meningkatkan kualitas hidupnya dan demi kesejahteraan umat manusiaâ€.
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ETNOBOTANI TANAMAN RITUAL UPACARA ADAT KEBO-KEBOAN SUKU USING DI DESA ALAS MALANG KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI
Indonesia is a country wich rich in ethnic diversity and customs. The Customs that are still held are traditional ceremonies or rituals. One tribe that still holds to the ritual event is the Using tribe in Banyuwangi Regency. The Using tribe is rich in rituals. One of them is the kebo-keboan ethnic rite in Alas Malang, Singojuruh sub district. Ethnobotany knowledge of kebo-keboan ethnic rite plants by the Alas Malang community only develops among traditional elders and cultural actors. So it is very necessary to do research "Ethnobotany of Ritual Plants of Kebo-keboan Ethnic Rite of Using People in Alas Malang Village Banyuwangi Regency". This research is expected to provide knowledge to the younger generation to participate in the efforts of conservation of ritual plants in the area. The study was done in March to May 2018 and took place in the village of Alas Malang, Singojuruh sub district. Sampling and informants were conducted using purposive sampling and Snowball Sampling techniques. The results showed that the plants used for kebo-keboan ethnic rite were 24 species with 16 families. Parts of plants used include leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, rhizomes, sap and tubers. The most widely used parts of the plant are leaves, which are 32% and the least are rhizomes and sap respectively 4%. The largest percentage of knowledge of the Alas Malang community on ritual plants in rice (Oryza sativa) is 8% and the lowest is puring (Codiaeum variegatum L), which is 2%. The most widely used plant habitus are bushes that are 33% and the least number of trees are 17%. The ritual plants used are mostly obtained from the yard of people.
PENGARUH HORMON NAPTHALEN ACETIC ACID TERHADAP INISIASI AKAR PADA MAHKOTA TANAMAN NANAS (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.)
Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr) is one of the potential fruit commodities to be cultivated. The constraints of pineapple cultivation are the limited supply of seeds in large quantities. Therefore, there needs to be innovation to accelerate the cultivation of pineapple plants by using crowns of pineapple treated with the auxin hormone. One type of auxin hormone is Napthalen Acetic Acid (NAA). These hormones are a key role in stimulating lateral/side root growth, inducing cell expansion, and initiation of rooting. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of NAA concentration on the initiation of pineapple crown root formation. The study design used was a complete randomized design with three replications. The concentrations of NAA hormones used are 0 ppm, 0.2 ppm, 0.4 ppm, 0.6 ppm, and 0.8 ppm. The observation parameters were root length and number of roots which were then analyzed using SPPS 24. Based on the results of the study it was found that NAA concentrations could initiate the formation of pineapple crown roots. 0.6 ppm NAA concentration is the best concentration to initiate rooting of pineapple crowns.
INISIASI PEMBENTUKAN AKAR PADA MAHKOTA TANAMAN NANAS (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) SETELAH DIBERI PERLAKUAN HORMON IBA
Pineapple which has the scientific name Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) Is one of the tropical fruit commodities produced by some regions of Indonesia. But it has problems in the form of providing pineapple seeds. One alternative solution to this problem is using the hormone auxin. One of the often used auxin hormones is IBA. The hormone has the function of encouraging cell extension, cell division, differentiation of xylem and phloem tissue. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of IBA hormone concentration on root growth in pineapple crowns and the optimal concentration of IBA hormones to initiate the formation of pineapple crown roots so that it is expected to multiply the seeds of planting quickly. The study design was used a complete randomized design with three replications. The concentrations of IBA hormones used are 0 ppm, 0.2 ppm, 0.4 ppm, 0.6 ppm, and 0.8 ppm. The observation parameters were analyzed using SPPS 24. Based on the results of the study, it was found that IBA could initiate the formation of pineapple crown roots. 0.4 ppm IBA concentration is the best concentration to initiate rooting of pineapple crowns cuttings.
EFEKTIFITAS EKSTRAK JAMUR TIRAM (Pleurotus ostreatus) TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN ULKUS TRAUMATIK PADA TIKUS (Rattus novergicus Berkenhout 1769)
One of the most common ulcerations is traumatic ulcer. Traumatic ulcers are lesions caused by several things such as food heat, pressure, friction between the sharp surface of the tooth and can be caused by chemicals. Traumatic ulcers that are not given treatment can result in chronic traumatic ulcers and can even lead to cancer. So that in handling traumatic ulcers must be well. Currently, many of the treatments offered in treating traumatic ulcers, one of the treatments offered is by using natural ingredients. One of the natural ingredients that have the potential to treat traumatic ulcers is oyster mushrooms. So, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of oyster mushrooms as one of the ingredients used in curing traumatic ulcer wounds. This research is an experimental study using a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 1 control using 5 replications. The rats were first adapted for a week and 5 mm of traumatic ulcer lesions were made. The results stated that the administration of oyster mushroom extract gave significant results at the level of 5%, where it was seen dimater in treatment 4 gave significant results compared to treatment 1. From the results and discussion, it can be concluded that oyster mushrooms have effectiveness as a healing traumatic ulcer where the concentration best is 50%.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KADAR KOLESTEROL TOTAL DENGAN HIGH SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (hsCRP) PADA PEROKOK AKTIF DI DUSUN GAMBIREJO RW 03 DESA WARUJAYENG
Cigarettes are products that contain addictively subtances. The nicotine in cigarettes can increase the secretion of catacolamine thereby increasing lipolysis, levels of total cholesterol and lipid peroxide. Lipid peroxide toxicity causes oxidative stress and systemic inflammation which plays a role in producing CRP. This study aims to determine the relationship of total cholesterol levels with High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) in active smokers in Gambirejo Hamlet RW 03 Warujayeng Village, Nganjuk Regency. The design of this study uses a crossectional survey method. The population of this study was moderate to severe active smokers as many as 69 people. The population was obtained using purposive sampling method, which was 15 samples. The average level of total cholesterol in active smokers is 193.6 mg / dl, the average smoker's hsCRP level is 3.21 mg / L. Analysis of the data used is the Pearson correlation test because the data are normally distributed. The results of this study found that there was a correlation between the total cholesterol level and hsCRP in active smokers with a value of p = 0,000 (<0.05). The correlation coefficient of total cholesterol level with hsCRP in active smokers (r = 0.942). The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between total cholesterol level and hsCRP in active smokers with a very strong correlation level.
UJI KETAHANAN CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN MENGGUNAKAN POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (PEG) 6000 PADA PADI LOKAL DAN NON LOKAL DI KABUPATEN MERAUKE
Rice is the main agricultural commodity in Indonesia as a staple food source for most of the population. The increase of abundant population must be balanced with increased availability of food. The availability of rice germplasm is an important factor to support food availability. Local rice is a germ plasma that has resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, but is less attractive to farmers for cultivation. This study aims to test the drought resistance of several local and non-local rice types found in Merauke district. The method used in this study was to germinate rice at various concentrations of PEG-6000. The research design used was factorial RAL with rice type factor (variety) and PEG-6000 concentration. The rice used in this study consisted of 2 types of rice, namely local rice and superior varieties of rice. Local rice used is Cempo Laut and Palenok which have long been cultivated by farmers in Merauke, while the superior varieties of rice used are Inpago 10 and IR 64. The concentrations of PEG-6000 used are 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. Each sample was repeated 3 times, so that the total treatment was 4 x 5 x 3 treatments or as many as 60 treatments. Rice was germinated for 7 days at various concentrations of PEG-6000 after which the parameters tested were germination (DB), maximum growth potential (PTM, radicular length, and plumula length. The results of this study concluded that sea cempo rice showed drought resistance properties the germination and maximum growth potential parameters, while the length of the plumula and radicle is lower than that of Inpago 10 rice. Palenok rice does not germinate at a concentration of 0% and germinate at higher concentrations.
HUBUNGAN PERSONAL HIGIENE DENGAN KEJADIAN INFEKSI CACING SOIL TRANSMITTED HELMINTH PADA PETANI DI DESA BESUK KECAMATAN GURAH KABUPATEN KEDIRI TAHUN 2018
Worm infections caused by the Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) are health problem of Indonesian people. Farmers of Besuk, who do not wear footwear and work in the fields without working gloves.so the personal hygiene is still lacking. Farmers have habit if after working do not wash their hands before eating. Such conditions can facilitate the emergence of helminthiasis on farmers. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between personal hygiene and the incidence of infection with the 'Soil Transmitted Helminth' for farmers of Besuk Village, Gurah District, Kediri Regency. The type of research used is the analytical survey method using a cross sectional approach to collecting data using questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Based on interviews and direct observations made in the village of Besuk, that the Personal Hygiene of Besuk Village Farmers was not as good as 58 respondents (96.67%), and farmers who were positively infected were 57 respondents (95%). The Fisher test results showed P = 0.002 (P <0.05), meaning that there was a relationship between personal hygiene and the Soil Transmitted Helmint worm infection. The relationship between personal hygiene and soil transmitted helminth worm infection to village farmers Besuk. So it is important for farmers to maintain personal hygiene, especially after work and before eating by washing hands and feet.
IDENTIFIKASI MOLEKULER CAPLAK SAPI DARI BERBAGAI WILAYAH DI INDONESIA
Ticks are important ectoparasites of the livestock and wild animals worldwide. Ticks and tick-borne diseases are major problems in livestock health, especially in tropical and subtropical countries Ticks infection cause loss of blood and potentially deploy a variety of pathogenic agents (vectors) blood parasites such as Babesia and Anaplasma. Some of cattle ticks was Â a complex of sibling species that are not easily distinguished based solely on morphological characters. This study aims to determine molecular character of cattle ticks Â Â from Indonesia. The tick samples obtained from various regions in Indonesia. Females and males were identified by using a stereo microscope. The ticks were identified as Rhipicephalus microplus and Rhipicephalus pilans. Molecular examination was conducted using samples at the larval stage. Their DNA was isolated and amplified in the region of the ribosomal DNA Internal trancribed pacer2 (ITS2) using PCR technique and finally it was sequenced. The results were then analyzed using Mega V. 6.0 program. The result sequences were aligned wof the allignment of multiple product sequencing ITS 2 gives sequences of nucleotides along in 1105 nucleotides. Genetic distance based on the sequence of the nucleotide sequence using Kimura-2 parameter revealed that the highest was 1.2%, the smallest was 0%. The comparisons of ITS2 sequences revealed a nucleotide similarity of 99-100% with each other and presented difference among the ITS2 sequences from Gene Bank of Boophilus species registered in GenBank. Neighbor's joining phylogenetic were constructed with Â Â the ITS2 nucleotide sequence consisting of three clusters: the first group closely related to ticks China, the second group is closely related to ticks R. australis of Australia; The third group is related ticks of Laos, India and Cambodia origin. Identification of cattle ticks were successfully performed with ITS2. R. microplus and R. pilans species could be distinguished from other tick species based on ITS2 nucleotide sequences.
UJI LARVASIDA EKSTRAK DAUN OREGANO TERHADAP LARVA Aedes aegypti
Aedes aegypti larvae are a factor that causes Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). Dengue fever is one health problem that often raises an Extraordinary Event with a large mortality rate. In Indonesia in 2015 there were 126,675 DHF sufferers in 34 provinces and 1,229 of them died. Control of Aedes aegypti can be done physically, biologically, chemically and in an integrated manner. Chemical control can use ABATE-like insecticides as the most popular method in the community, but the use of insecticides that exceed doses can have an impact on humans. Therefore, natural bioactive compounds derived from plants need to be considered. Oregano leaves have active compounds contained such as tannins, carvacrol and thymol phenols which have the potential to be antiseptic, antibacterial, antiparasitic, and antioxidant. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of oregano leaf extract. This study was an experimental study with a completely randomized design (CRD), the sample used was Aedes aegypti larvae with extract concentrations of 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, and 0.5%. Repetition is done six times. The test used is the One-Way ANOVA test with a sig value <0.05 and probit analysis. The Oneway ANOVA test results obtained sig values. 0.00 where there is an effect of concentrations of 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5% of oregano leaf extract on larval mortality. The results of probit analysis LC50 2.116% and LC90 6.036%. The study concluded that oregano leaf extract had the potential as larvacide against Aedes aegypti larvae with concentrations of 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5%.
HUBUNGAN KEJADIAN ASKARIASIS PADA BABI DENGAN KONTAMINASI KUKU PETERNAK BABI DI DESA SEGARAN KECAMATAN WATES KABUPATEN KEDIRI
Incidence of ascariasis is very high in pigs in tropical and sub-tropical regions. The low level of maintenance of pigs and the poor sanitation of cages can be a factor that increases parasitic infection in pigs and does not rule out the possibility of infecting humans. Another factor that affects helminthiasis is the environment and behavior personal hygiene of a person, such as the habit of not washing hands before eating, after going to the toilet, the habit of contact with the soil and long fingernails. This study aims to determine the relationship between the incidence of ascariasis in pigs and the contamination of nails of pig farmers in Segaran Village, Wates District, Kediri Regency. The method used is centrifugation precipitation. The design of this study uses adesign cross sectional survey to study the correlation dynamics between risk factors and effects, data collection at once. The number of samples obtained is 40 pig samples with simple random sampling technique and 20 pig breeder nails with total sampling technique. Positive results in samples of pig stool containing eggs Ascaris suum as much as 9 (22%) and negative as much as 31 (78%), while in the nail samples of farmers were 0 (0%). The conclusion of this study is that there is no correlation between the incidence of ascariasis in pigs and the contamination of nails of pig farmers in Segaran Village, Wates District, Kediri Regency.
LOTION SKIN HERBAL DARI EKSTRAK DAUN BAMBU BETUNG (Dendrocalamus asper) SEBAGAI PENCEGAH INFEKSI DAN PENYEMBUH LUKA PADA KULIT
The skin is a layer of tissue found on the outside, useful to protect and cover the surface of the body, consisting of: epidermis, dermis and hypodermis. If there is a scratch or injury the initial part that will be affected is the skin. Wounds according to experts can be defined as damage to tissue components, where specifically there is tissue substance that is lost or damaged, both damage to the continuity of the skin, the mucous membranes, and other organs. Bamboo leaves contain several secondary metabolite chemical compounds which are very beneficial for skin health, one of which is flavonoids which are useful as antioxidants. Flavonoids are useful as stimulants for new cells in closing wounds and as antibiotics, seeing the potential that is very potential to be developed in the medical and drug world so that later it will be useful as a preparation in the pharmaceutical industry. The extraction process of betung bamboo leaves (Dendrocalamus asper) was carried out using the macerate method using 70% ethanol solvent. Invivo test was carried out on male mice of balb-C strain with five treatments and three variations of lotion formula which contained each extract with a concentration of 10% (Formula A), 20% (Formula B) and 30% (Formula C), povidone iodine ointment and control treatment. Writing This scientific paper uses descriptive qualitative methods. The manufacture of herbal skin lotions is intended to determine the effect of the use of herbal skin lotion on betung bamboo leaf extract (Dendrocalamus asper) on the speed of wound healing on the skin of male mice of balb-C (Mus musculus domesticus). Based on the results of the study obtained data showed that the concentration of herbal skin lotions with a concentration of 20% experienced the fastest skin wound healing process, followed by concentrations of 10%, 30%, povidone iodine ointment and the control treatment.
IDENTIFKASI Ctenocephalides felis PADA KUCING LIAR (Felis catus) DI DAERAH BANDAR LOR KOTA KEDIRI
Cats are one of the animals that can be maintained by the people of Indonesia, cats that are cared for or not maintained can be attacked by ectoparasites, depending on the conditions of the environment. Cat health is very important to note because ectoparasites found in cats can have a negative impact on people who like to maintain them, such as itching. Ectoparasites are parasites that live on the surface of the host's body and obtain food from the host. Ectoparasites that attack cats include mites, ticks, and fleas. Of the three ectoparasites the fleas are the most in the cat's body. Fleas are also called Ctenocephalides felis which nest in cats and can infect cat skin. The purpose of this research is to identify ectoparasites in cats in Bandar Lor Village, Kediri City. This study included descriptive survey research. The method of collecting samples using accidental sampling with a sample size of 36 cats. The results of 36 cats found 23 positive felines and 13 negative fleas or 13 fleas. Of the total fleas found, 26% were male and 74% female. The factor that causes the cat to be positive is the activity and direct contact with other cats infected with ectoparasites. From the results of the study it can be concluded that fleas in cats are positive with a prevalence of 64%. 26% male fleas and 74% female fleas.
UJI KUALITAS MIKROBIOLOGI AIR SUMUR BOR DI KELURAHAN DERMO KOTA KEDIRI
Water has an important function for human life in their daily activities, such as for bath, wash and cook is called Sanitation Hygines water. Dermo village is one of villages located in Mojoroto Kediri City. Dermo villagers partly use drill modified water machine, pipes and taps called well water drill. Dermo village located at 500 m away from Mritjan Sugar Factory and river which is flowed by industry waste. In addition from industrial wastes there are also domestic wastes coming from households, such as used water, dishwashing water, detergent water and feces. This study was conducted to determine the value of MPN E. coli and drilling water quality in Dermo Village Kediri based on Permenkes No 32 Th 2017 with E. coli parameter. This study use of Most Probable Number (MPN) variety 555 method. Based on the result of index of MPN E. coli on 12 samples of drilling water got the highest score on samples number 1, 4, 7, 9, 12 counted 2400 CFU/100 ml. Sampels number 3, 5, 10, 11 counted 1600 CFU/100 ml. While sample number 6 counted 350 CFU/100 ml, sample numbers 8 is 110 CFU/100 ml and sample number 2 that is 4 CFU/100 ml. The research concludes that the entire drilled water samples from Dermo Village not eligible of Permenkes No 32 year 2017 for E. coli parameter.
DETEKSI CEMARAN BAKTERI Escherichia coli PADA AIR SUMUR DI DESA KALIGENTONG KECAMATAN PUCANGLABAN KOTA TULUNGAGUNG
Well water quality can be said polluted if there are several factors that influence, such as household waste, industrial activities, garbages, feces and due to poor toilet construction or not meeting technical and open rules. Well water contaminated with Escherichia coli can interfere with environmental health and is very dangerous when used for household purposes. The purpose of this study is to detected Escherichia coli bacteria contamination as pollution indicator in well water at Kaligentong village, Pucanglaban subdistrict, Tulungagung. This study was descriptive crosssectional study. Sampling was conducted in December 2017 at Kaligentong village, Pucanglaban subdistrict, Tulungagung. Sampling tecnique was simple random sampling method many as 6 sample. Study on a sample test using Most Probable Number (MPN) which presumtive test with LB I and LB III media, confirmation test with ECB media and than complement test with EMB and IMVIC media. The conclution this research ware contaminated by Escherichia coli bacteria of six.
ANALISIS KADAR TIMBAL (Pb) PADA KUKU TUKANG LAS DI KECAMATAN MOJOROTO KOTA KEDIRI
Dust exposure from the welding industry can cause heavy metal to accumulate in the body. Pb metal is closely related to its accumulation in tissues, causing disruption of physiological processes both directly and indirectly at the molecular level. Pb has a chronic effect, this is because Pb that enters the respiratory tract and the digestive tract can enter the blood will inhibit heme synthesis. As a result, Pb can reduce blood Hb production which can result in the emergence of other health disorders. This study aims to determine the level of lead on welders' nails and the effect on the working period of welders in Mojoroto District, Kediri City. The sample used in this study is nails because nails can be an indicator for Pb metal pollution both internally and directly. The design in this study is based on a time approach that is using a cross sectional survey design and data taken using the quota sampling method. The method used to analyze Pb levels in nail samples is Spectrophotometry, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. From the results of the analysis, the results of Pb levels in nails with years of service (<3, 3-5,> 5) were equal to (0.0266 0.0449, 0.0550) ppm. This study used the kruskal wallis test to determine the effect of Pb levels based on the length of work period divided into 3 groups, namely (<3, 3-5,> 5) years. The results obtained showed that Pb levels in nails had a value of p = 0.304> α (0.05). this shows that H0 is accepted and H1 is rejected, which means that there is no effect between the Pb level on the nail based on the length of work period.
EKSTRAKSI MINYAK NABATI PADA BIJI-BIJIAN DAN KACANG-KACANGAN DENGAN METODE SOKHLETASI
Vegetable oil is the primary metabolite of plants and has various benefit for humans. The high content of unsaturated fatty acids is very good for health when compared to saturated fatty acids, beside that vegetable oils also have high phytochemical content. This study aims to extract vegetable oils from various sources such as candlenut, sesame, soybeans, corn and sunflower seeds by sokhlet method and to determine the percentage of the vegetable oil. Extraction was done by sokhletasi with n-hexane as a solvent. The percentage of vegetable oil from five extracted samples was 52.44% for candlenut oil, 34.23% for sesame oil, 48.68% for soybean oil, 36.97% for corn oil, and 69.28% for sunflower seed oil. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the soxhlet method can be used in various types of samples to extract vegetable oil, and the percentage of vegetable oil is quite high ranging from 34% -70%.
KARAKTERISASI SENYAWA TURUNAN AMOKSISILIN HASIL REAKSI ANTARA AMOKSISILIN DENGAN 4t-BUTILBENZOIL KLORIDA
The synthesis of amoxicillin derivate has been done by reacting amoxicillin with 4t-butylbenzoil chloride. The products were characterized by organoleptic test, melting point determination, TLC, and UV/Vis Spectrophotometry. This product has been characteristic such as powder, light yellow, and bite bitter. Melting point of product was 132 °C. Rf value of product was 0.86. pH value of product amoxicillin derivate was 7.7. The results of UV wavelength scanning showed that product derivate of amoxicillin compounds had peak at 286 nm.
SINTESIS ARANG AKTIF DARI BONGGOL JAGUNG TERAKTIVASI HCl
Research on the synthesis of activated carbon from 4 N HCl corncobs had been carried out. The number of industries that develop produce liquid waste which is discharged in the river or aquatic environment cause the Pb content in the environment increase. Corncobs are biomass from agricultural waste that has not been widely used. Maked corncobs into activated charcoal was the one way to reduce Pb content in the aquatic environment as an adsorbent. The results of activated carbon by using HCl had a optimum from time variation was 30 minutes. It had the iodine number of 595,35 mg/g and the ability of adsorption on 0,1 gram corncobs activated carbon to Pb was 50 ppm. These meaned perfectly absorbed, around to 100%. Â
EKSTRAKSI DAN KARAKTERISASI PEKTIN DAUN KARET KEBO (Ficus elastica Roxb.)
The research on extraction of pectin compounds had been conducted from leaves karet kebo (Ficus elastica Roxb.). Pectin is a compound that is useful for lowering cholesterol, blood sugar levels, and as a sbscess medicine. Kebo rubber leaves grow in a lot of around the environment, but not many have used it yet. Based on this, the research was conducted to determine the characteristic content of pectin compounds in kebo rubber. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of pectin compounds on kebo rubber leaves. The method was used reflux extraction method. The extraction results were then analyzed using FTIR. The results showed that ash content and water content in reflux extraction were 0.2274% and 8.1571% respectively. The pectin group was present in reflux extraction, which is –OH appears on 3468,586 cm-1, C = O esters in clusters 1634,188 cm-1, C-O ether in the cluster 1102,800 cm-1
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KULIT BUAH DURIAN MENTEGA SEBAGAI CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE (CMC)
In Indonesia there are various types of durian fruit, even in the area of Jombang, East Java, durian fruit contests are often held to find out the best type of local durian. In 2016, the butter-type durian managed to win the contest. On the other hand, only 20.52% of the durian fruit can be eaten and the rest is waste. Durian fruit skin waste contains a lot of cellulose (50-60%) so that it can be used as raw material for making CMC (Carboxymethyl Cellulose). Making this CMC consists of three stages. The first stage was cellulose isolation with 28.9% yield of cellulose which was then analyzed using FTIR. In the second stage, cellulose is alkalized using 20% NaOH and then in the carboxymethylation stage using Sodium Monocloroacetate. The results of the research carried out produced CMC yield as much as 82.75%. Analysis of the degree of substitution with a value of 0.78. CMC pH analysis produces pH 7.2 value and FTIR analysis produces CMC which is strengthened by the emergence of C = O carbonyl group at wave number 1546 cm-1 and the formation of an ester group at wave number 1745 cm-1.
KADAR SENYAWA FLAVONOID TOTAL EKSTRAK TERPURIFIKASI KELOPAK ROSELLA (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIHIPERGLIKEMI
The condition where blood glucose levels increased and occur suddenly are Hyperglycemic. This situation could be caused by stress, infection, and consumption of certain drugs. Calyx extract of rosella has been widely studied to have antioxidant activities and antihyperglycemic. This is due to the notion that flavonoids are antihyperglycemic activity. The aim of this study was to determine the total flavonoid levels and antihyperglycemic activity calyx of rosella purified extract in Wistar rats by inducing sucrose. The purification method of extract uses liquid-liquid extraction by taking a chloroform layer. Phytochemical screening was carried out on samples and were analyzed for total flavonoid content using rutine standard with TLC densitometer quantitatively and the mobile phase of ethyl acetate: formic acid: aquadest (85:10:15). Animal test for Wistar rats was induced by sucrose orally to increase blood sugar levels. Samples were given orally 3 doses are 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg BB. The negative control group was given CMC-Na 0.5% and glibenclamide as a positive control. The results of blood sugar levels were analyzed by oneway ANOVA and continued with LSD post hoc test. The results showed that calyx purified extract of rosella is contained Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Phenolics and Tannins with total flavonoid levels calculated as rutine 9.62% ± 2.98. Post hoc LSD test showed no significant difference between the positive control group and the dose variant group 100 mgs / KgsW, 200 mgs / KgsW and 400 mgs / KgsW. As conclusion that blood sugar levels can be lowered with the lowest dose of 100 mgs / KgsW from purified extracts contain of flavonoid compounds.
PERBANDINGAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN SRIKAYA HIJAU DAN MERAH (Annona squamosa L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus
varieties. Research on the leaves of (Annona squamosa L.) that many have a wide range of activity caused by the compound therein, including flavonoids. This study aimed to compare the antibacterial avtivity againsStaphylococcus aureuswith the extraction maceration, using ethanol 70% with a ratio of 1:5 for 4 days with occasional shaking and twice remaseration with a concentration extract 75%, 50% dan 25%. In this study using diffusion wells with positive control antibiotic levofloksacin and negative control that is distilled water each pipette 5mL and inserted in a hole wells with media NA (Nutrient Agar), and then incubated 37°C for 24 hours and then do the measurement of inhibit zone. This research is expected to be able to compare the antibacterial activity of the flavonoids of green and red leaves (Annona squamosa L.). Anova test result showed a significant difference between the treatment group, which is characterized by the Sig. < 0.05. Post Hoc test results showed significant differences in all concentrations characterized by Sig values. > 0.05. Green and red (Annona squamosa L.) leaves have compound activity as antibacterial. 75% concentration has the optimum activity in this study because it has activity which is not significantly different with positive control.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL 96% DAUN ANDONG MERAH (Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A. Chevas) TERHADAP BAKTERI Klebsiella sp
The use of natural ingredients as traditional medicine in Indonesia has been widely used to treat infectious diseases and has anticaterial activity. One of the plants is Red Andong (Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A Chevas). Red andong plant is used as a medicine to eliminate swelling, stop bleeding (hemostatic) and has antibacterial activity that can be used as a drug for disentry, diarrrhea, wounds and bleeding coughs and pulmonary tuberculosis. The purpose of this study was to determine inhivitory activity of ekstrak red andong leaf on Klebsiella sp bacteria, to find out the optimum concetrations of rind and carriage that can inhibit the growth of Klebsiella sp and find out the class of chemical compounds in the exctract of red andong leaf that has antibacterial properties. This type of research is experimental research and samplinh techniques using random samples. The result test of phytochemical of red andong leaves showed the presence of antibacterial activity which contains alkaloids, flavanoids, saponins and tannins. Mc Farland Klebsiella sp bacteria turbidity standard results show the number 1,2048. The antibacterial activity inhibitory zone of ethanol extract of red andong leaves against the growth of Klebsiella sp bacteria was at a concentration of 30% sebes 11.1 mm, a concentration of 4596 at 14.8 mm, a concentration of 60% at 15.3 mm, a concentration of 7596 at 20.1 mm and at a concentration of 90% at 23.7 mm. Statistical test using Kruscal Wallis test with sig p value < 0,05 so that the test is continued with Mann Whitney test with sig p value < 0,05. The conclusion of this study that of red andong leaves extract affected to Klebsiella sp bacteria and was significantly different between concentrations; optimum concentration of 90%; and contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins.
EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN TURI MERAH (Sesbania grandiflora L. Pers) SEBAGAI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus
Red Turi Leaf (Sesbania grandiflora L. Pers) is one of the plants that can be used as an anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic and antioxidant. This study aims to determine the secondary metabolite content in the organ part of red turi leaf extract (Sesbania grandiflora L. Pers). Extraction was performed using maceration method with methanol solvent, concentrated and then phytochemical screening was tested and obtained the results of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins and tannins. Antibacterial activity was tested using well diffusion method with 6 treatment groups (K + / ciprofloxacin, K-, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) against pathogenic bacteria with the results of the average antibacterial activity with a concentration of 25% was 13.6 mm, 50% is 16.7 mm, 75% is 16.5 mm, 100% is 17.2 mm. Extracts that provide the most potential activity to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus are 100% concentration with a mean inhibition zone of 17.2 mm.
IDENTIFIKASI JAMUR Candida sp. DALAM AIR BAK TOILET PADA TEMPAT WISATA DI WILAYAH KOTA KEDIRI DENGAN METODE CENTRIFUGASI
Tour places is a place that have allure with uniqueness, beauty, history, culture, and others so it was visited by tourist. Kediri City has so much tour places which is full of historical and cultural values, and its natural beauty. The toilet at there is public fasilities hygiene and main sanitation for tourist that visited the tour place. Candida sp. is one of fungus which pollute the water that is accommodates, especially at the water of toilet tube. Diseases caused by fungus from genus Candida sp. known as candidiasis. The purpose of this research is to find out the presence of Candida sp. fungi in the water of toilet tube ath the tour place in Kediri. This research’s design is descriptive survey with sampling technique random sampling. Examination method in this research is centrifugation. The location of this research was carried out at the Mycology Laboratory of Bhakti Wiyata Health Sciences Kediri. Based on the results of Candida sp. fungal identification research from water of toilet tube at the tour place in Kediri from the total number 45 samples get results 2 samples contain Candida sp. fungus with percentages 4,44% and 43 samples is not contained Candida sp. fungus with percentages 95,56%. The conclusion is Candida sp. fungal growth in the water of toilet tube at the tour places in Kediri with the discovery of fungal colonies macroscopically with the form of yeast colonies, yellowish white, mucoid texture and its consistency is wet, and microscopically blastokonidia and psedohifa were found. Good toilet conditions can reflect users, so if the condition of public toilets at tourist attractions in Kediri City is in good condition, public toilet users are already good enough to implement conscious public toilet. With so good the condition of public toilets can also increase the quality of tourism in the City of Kediri.
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI JAMUR Aspergillus sp. PADA SUMUR DI DESA SANAN KABUPATEN TULUNGAGUNG DENGAN METODE PENGENCERAN
Water is a basic need for mankind that is used for the purposes of everyday. The well is one of the main sources is very needed for the community. A common use of water is as domestic purposes, e.g. for bathing, washing, cooking and other work. The cleanliness of the water visible is not necessarily indicate water contamination from terbebasnya fungi. This research aims to know the contamination fungi Aspergillus sp. on the well in the village of Sanan Tulungagung district by using the method of dilution. This study uses design research descriptive. The population in this study are all the wells are still in use, with a total of 30 samples and taken with the technique of simple random sampling. Based on the inspection results of the 30 samples of water wells in the village of Sanan Tulungagung district obtained positive results a total of 11 samples of the fungus Aspergillus sp. among others, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus, 2 other samples that grows namely Penicillium sp. and Rhizopus sp., while 17 other sample there was no mold growth. Based on the identification of who is already done, the growth of mold Aspergillus SP. on the well water can cause diseases of the respiratory tract. It is therefore very important safeguarding water quality for our health and pay attention to end sewer like septic tanks which when not eligible. Samples taken and distance ≤ 5-10 m from the well. So well with the source of the contamination in a < 10 m can be assumed that the well water can be contaminated by microbes. Because it was feared the water seepage from the source of contamination could be seeping into the well. And if want to cultivate the water for consumption should be able to do the process of with appropriately, so it can be meminimalis the presence of contaminants in the water.
HUBUNGAN BAKTERI Mycobacterium tuberculosis DENGAN NILAI LAJU ENDAP DARAH (LED) DAN NILAI RASIO NEUTROFIL LIMFOSIT (RNL) PADA PENDERITA TUBERKULOSIS BARU DI PUSKESMAS SE-KOTA KEDIRI
Tuberculosis (TB) has been around for thousands of years and is one of the 10 biggest causes of death worldwide. In Kediri in 2017, 661 new TB cases were found with 246 positive smear cases. TB is caused by infection with the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB diagnosis is carried out by smear examination and other examinations such as examining the value of blood sedimentation rate (LED) and calculating the type of leukocytes as a TB support examination. Neutrophil Lymphocytes Ratio (NLR) is considered to have a stronger ability to predict bacteremia than regular leukocyte examinations. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the number of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria with LED and NLR values in new tuberculosis patients. The results of the study were analyzed by SPSS V.23 using Spearman rank correlation test and regression test. The results show that the number of smears with LED values and NLR values has a significant 0.002 <0.05, which means it has a relationship, with a large correlation between AFB and LED 0.720 and between AFB and NLR 0.716. The result of R Square shows that 54.6% of LED values are affected by AFB and the remaining 45.4% is influenced by other factors and it is known that 51.2% of the NLR value is affected by AFB and the remaining 48.8% is influenced by other factors. This relationship occurs because the value of LED and NLR affect the inflammatory process against the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The conclusion of this study is that there is a strong relationship between the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis with LED values and NLR values.
PENETAPAN BILANGAN PEROKSIDA MINYAK GORENG KEMASAN DENGAN BEBERAPA FREKUENSI PENGGORENGAN
Increased consumption of vegetable oil causes the price to be more expensive so that it tends to be used repeatedly by the public. The use of cooking oil like this resulted in the emergence of byproducts such as peroxide which caused several health problems such as fat deposits in blood vessels and heart disease. The peroxide limit in cooking oil according to SNI-01-3741-2013 is 10 meq O2 / kg. Determination of Peroxide content was carried out by iodometric titration method which included standardization, Form Determination, and determination of peroxide content in new cooking oil, single-use and three times use. The results of peroxide numbers in five samples of cooking oil before frying showed that all samples still met SNI (A: 1.06 Meq O2 / Kg; B: 9.73 Meq O2 / Kg; C: 0.73 Meq O2 / Kg; D: 0.79 Meq O2 / Kg; E: 0,80 Meq O2 / Kg). in one-time oil samples obtained by one sample that exceeds SNI, that is sample B (11.41 Meq O2 / Kg) while the others still fulfill SNI (A: 1.32 Meq O2 / Kg; C: 1.45 Meq O2 / Kg; D: 0.94 Meq O2 / Kg; E: 1.29 Meq O2 / Kg), for oil in the third frying pan, sample B still shows the peroxide number that exceeds SNI (12.72 Meq O2 / Kg), while the other four samples still fulfill SNI (A: 2.29 Meq O2 / Kg; C: 2.36 O2 / Kg; D: 1.22 O2 / Kg; E: 1.79 O2 / Kg;). The cooking oil sample packaged with code B has poor quality, so testing the peroxide number can indicate the quality of a cooking oil.
ANALISIS VITAMIN C PADA BUAH BELIMBING BINTANG (Averrhoa carambola) DAN BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa blimbi) DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VISIBEL
Vitamin C is needed by the body to increase endurance. Vitamins are generally found in vegetables and fruits, namely star fruit (Averrhoa carambola) and belimibing wuluh (Averrhoa blimbi). Both types of starfruit were analyzed for vitamin C levels using the UV-VIS Spectophotometry method on the wave display λ 380, so that the Vitamin C starfruit concentration (Averrhoa blimbi) was 2.691 ppm and star starfruit (Averrhoa carambola) was 2.324 ppm. These results indicate greater levels of vitamin C in starfruit (Averrhoa blimbi) compared to star star fruit (Averrhoa carambola).
Copyright (c) 2020 Prosiding SINTESIS (Seminar Nasional Sains, Teknologi dan Analisis)
KARAKTERISASI PARAMETER SPESIFIK DAN NON SPESIFIK EKSTRAK ETANOL AKAR TERATAI (Nelumbium nelumbo D.)
Whereas most lotus parts have pharmacological effects. One example of that part is the root. However, the efficacy of lotus roots (Nelumbium nelumbo D.) has not been scientifically confirmed. The purpose of this study was the characterization of lotus root extract (Nelumbium nelumbo D.). The results of characterization of specific and non specific parameters and chemical compounds contained in lotus root ethanol extract (Nelumbium nelumbo D.). Based on the result of characterization of specific parameters of lotus root extract obtained the result of water soluble compound 14,72%, and ethanol soluble concentration level 33,76%. In the non speccific parameters obtained 0,51% drying shrinkage, weight of type 0,967 g/L, ash total 1,08%, acid content 0,39% ash. In ethanol extract of lotus root there are alkaloid, tannin, and saponin compounds. Further research is required for the characterization of specific and non specific parameters so that there is reference as a comparable standard companion of lotus root extract
UJI SIFAT FISIK DAN ANALISIS ASAM SALISILAT SEDIAAN SHAMPO ANTI KETOMBE DI PASARAN
Shampoo was a cosmetic preparation whose main function to clean the hair and scalp. Salicylic acid was a substance that was often used as the basis of addition to the product of dandruff shampoo treatment because its effect as keratolic can accelerate cell regeneration. Salicylic acid or salicylic acid levels were limited to 3.0% rinse according to BPOM. This study aims to determine the physical stability and salicylic acid levels contained in labeled (branded) shampoo preparations using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. The results showed a linear calibration curve with the regression equation y = 0.0092x + 0.1375 and the correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9997. The results showed that the validity test of UV-Vis spectrophotometry method has fulfilled the validation requirements. Three samples of anti-dandruff shampoo cosmetics were analyzed to contain salicylic acid. Salicylic acid levels in shampoo cosmetic products did not exceed the maximum and safe to use., each of them 0.0970%, 0.1796% and 0.2198%.
EVALUASI MUTU SEDIAAN TABLET RIFAMPISIN BERMEREK DAGANG DAN GENERIK BERLOGO
People assume that trademark drug has better effectiveness compared with generic drugs with because the price of generic drugs cheaper compared with the prices of trademark drugs. This research is to know evaluation quality of trademark and generic logo rifampisin tablets meet the requirements of Pharmacopoeia Indonesia or not. Methods: Includes some of the physical parameters which is:, uniformity of size, uniformity weights, hardness, friability, disintegration time, and dissolution test. Testing the uniformity of the size meets the requirements on the trademarked rifampicin tablet with diameter of no more than 3 times the thickness and not less than 1 â…“ times thicker tablets, % weight deviation of test weight uniformity meet the requirements to be no more than 2 tablets each weight deviates from 5% and no one else weight tablet deviates from the average weight of more than 10%, friability testing meet the requirements with less than 0.08%, the test results of disintegration time meet the requirements of the disintegration time is not more than 60 minutes and the results of the dissolution test 6 tablet to trademark and generic meet the requirements of dissolution test that must be dissolved within 45 minutes is not less than (Q) 75% of the amount listed on the label. Testing physical parameters and dissolution test trademarked and generic rifampicin tablets meet the requirements in accordance with Pharmacopoeia Indonesia.
KARAKTERISASI PARAMETER SPESIFIK DAN NON SPESIFIK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN TERATAI (Nelumbium nelumbo D.)
The lotus has about 200 species and some of them have been cultivated. The lotus can treat heart disease, vomiting blood and dysentery contained in the seeds, its roots can also be used as a nosebleed. Extraction using sokletasi method with 96% ethanol solvent. This study aims to establish some specific parameters and non-specific parameters of lotus ethanol extract (Nelumbium nelumbo D.) as a way of standardizing the use of natural medicine to conform to the established quality requirements. The standardization results for the specific parameters show the organoleptic extract (thick, blackish green, bitter taste and aromatic smell), with the content of water soluble compound 67,097%, soluble in ethanol 74,265%. Results for non-specific parameters showed a total ash content of 5.129%, ash content of 0.245% acidic acid, 0.205% drying dried and type weight of 1.003 g / mL.
ANALISIS SENYAWA FENOLIK PADA BUAH DAN OLAHAN NANAS (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr) DI KABUPATEN KEDIRI DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS
Pineapple is a tropical fruit that’s commonly found in tropics. Pineapple is a tropical fruit that’s commonly found in tropics. Highly pineapple production will increase distribution of pineapple, but good compound from pineapple that not known by many people. This fruit contains lot of water, vitamins, minerals, and many useful compound for healthy body. Phenolic is one of pineapple compound was very benefical, especially for antoxidant. This study has purpose to compare total phenolic content in fresh and one of product of pineapple (dodol). Fresh and product of pineapple is extracted by methanol 80% at temperature 35ºC for 90 minutes. Extract is collected and added Folin-ciocalteu and sodium carbonate 20% then was being tested using spectrophotometry UV-Vis with maximum wave length 766 nm. Average results of total phenolic content in pineapple is 4,031 mg/g GAE and pineapple product (dodol) is 2,086 mg/g GAE. Linearity test has a result of coeficien correlation (r) 0,9475 and coefisien determination (r2) 0,9051 with regression y= 0,0022x – 0,0064 in 100-300 ppm ranges. Statistic test shows value of sig (2-tailled) < 0,05 is 0,012. Total phenolic content’s test in fruit and product of pineapple show that there is a difference phenolic content both of them.
ANALISIS BETA KAROTEN PADA NANAS (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr) VARIETAS QUEEN DAN CAYENNE MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROFOTOMETRI
Pineapple is one of the superior fruit products in Kediri Regency. Pineapple fruit consists of several types, namely Smooth Cayenne, Quenn, and Spanish which is a family of Bromeliacea. Pineapple meat contains sugar, vitamins, minerals, vitamin C and vitamin A (retinol). Beta carotene is one of the antioxidants found in fruits which are found in carrots, potatoes and peaches. Antioxidants are very useful for fighting free radicals from toxic substances. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there were beta carotene compounds in queen and cayenne varieties of pineapple and to determine beta carotene levels in varieties of queen and cayenne pineapple using Spectrophotometry method. The results of the study with qualitative tests with themethod carr-price showed that the positive samples contained beta carotene which was based on the color change to blue after adding 25% antimony trichloride. In the quantitative test, it was obtained the results of beta carotene levels of 11.72μg / g at μg / g in samples of queen pineapple and 9.92μg / g in samples of cayenne pineapple.
UJI MUTU FISIK DAN PENETAPAN KADAR PROPILEN GLIKOL PADA BERBAGAI SEDIAAN MASKER WAJAH
Cosmetics has recently become a primary requirement, especially women in terms of increased production of cosmetic creativity launched in the community. One of them is face mask. Added ingredients one of them is propylene glycol. This research is to know the physical quality and the level of propylene glycol in various face mask preparations. The result of validation test of the method in this study meets the accuracy, precision, LOD and LOQ test. Accuracy test result obtained % Recovery value in the range of 99,50-101,95%. Precision test resut obtained SBR calue of 0,06%. Linearity test results obtained coefficient (R2) 0,9996. Test result of LOD and LOQ test obtained values of 1.04 and 3,16 ppm respectivel.
KESERAGAMAN KANDUNGAN TABLET AMBROXOL HCl GENERIK DAN BERMEREK DAGANG MENGGUNAKAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI ULTRAVIOLET
Ambroxol HCl is a secretolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory diseases associated with thick or excessive mucus. This drug works by crushing or breaking mucopolysaccharide acid so that thinner and dilute the mucus layer so it is more easily removed through cough. Level requirement is one measure of the quality of a drug. The drug will optimally give its pharmacological effect if it is in accordance with the specified level. Uniformity of content is done to ensure the quality of a drug. This study aims to determine the uniformity of content on tablets trademark and generic HCl ambroxol using ultraviolet spectrophotometry method. This method begins with the determination of the maximum wavelength and operating time. This study also validated the analytical method with parameter analysis that is linearity, accuracy, precision, limits of detection (LOD), and limits of quantification (LOQ) followed by uniformity of content by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The results obtained maximum wavelength of 245 nm with stable operating time up to the 5th minute. The result of validation of analysis is obtained by precision and accuracy of method that fulfill requirement, that is for Deviation Standard (SD) value equal to 0,145% and accuracy method with% recovery fulfilling requirement 85% -115%. The obtained linearity value of R2 = 0.9954 with detection limit (LOD) 0.112 ppm and quantification limit (LOQ) of 0.409 ppm. Result of uniformity of content which done from 3 brands of ambroxol HCl, obtained grade average 94,79%, 92,33%, 95,11%. So it can be concluded that the HCl ambroxol tablet content meets the general requirements of not less than 85% and not more than 115% of the amount stated on the label.